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The command essential for creating and monitoring RAID arrays is mdadm. This utility is specifically designed for managing software RAID in Linux systems and allows users to create, assemble, and manage RAID devices. It provides a comprehensive set of functionalities, including adding disks to an existing array, monitoring the health of RAID arrays, and rebuilding arrays when necessary.
Using mdadm, administrators can create various levels of RAID configurations, such as RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 5, and RAID 6, among others. Additionally, it offers tools to facilitate the management of these arrays effectively, such as checking the status of the array and receiving alerts for any issues that arise.
The commands mentioned in the other options serve different purposes; for instance, fsck is used for checking and repairing file systems, rune2fs does not exist, but might be confused with tune2fs, which is used for adjusting tunable parameters of ext2/ext3/ext4 file systems. On the other hand, dumpe2fs is utilized to display information about a file system on a disk. While these commands are important for other aspects of system administration in Linux, they are not related to the management of RAID arrays.