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The command that changes or configures system locales is localectl. This command is part of the systemd suite and is specifically designed for managing locale and keyboard layout settings for the system. When you use localectl, you can set the system locale by specifying the desired locale, and it changes the configuration files and settings accordingly.
In contrast, the other commands serve different purposes related to locales. The setlocale command is used to query or set the current locale for a running process, but it doesn't change the system-wide settings. The locale command displays the current locale settings and can provide information on available locales, but it does not change configurations. The locale-gen command is used to generate the specified locale on the system, making it available for use, but again, it does not directly configure or set the system locales like localectl does.
Thus, localectl is the most suitable choice for changing or configuring system locales comprehensively.