Which command displays processes without controlling the terminal?

The command that displays processes without controlling the terminal is "ps -x." This command is used to list all running processes on the system, including those that are not attached to any terminal. The "-x" option specifically includes processes that are running in the background, without a controlling shell or terminal.

In contrast, the other options serve different purposes or have different contexts. The "top" command provides a dynamic, real-time view of running processes and their resource usage, but it is typically used within a terminal session and does not focus solely on processes without a terminal. "htop" is an enhanced version of "top" with a more user-friendly interface, but it also works within a terminal environment, reflecting real-time processes that can include terminal-controlled processes. The "jobs" command is used within a shell session to display the current jobs (processes) that are managed by that terminal session, and it only shows jobs associated with the session you are in.

Thus, "ps -x" is the command specifically designed to show all processes, including those not linked to a terminal, making it the correct choice in this context.