Which command is primarily used for file system consistency checks in Linux?

The command used for file system consistency checks in Linux is fsck, which stands for "file system check." This utility is essential for maintaining the integrity of file systems, particularly after unexpected shutdowns or disk errors. When executed, fsck scans the file system for errors and inconsistencies, allowing it to either fix these issues automatically or report them to the user for manual correction.

In various scenarios, including system boot processes or when a file system is mounted as read-only, fsck can be invoked to ensure that the file allocation structures, directory contents, and usage information are all consistent and accurately reflect the state of the storage medium. By performing these checks and corrections, fsck helps prevent data loss and corruption, ensuring that the file system remains operational and reliable.

Other options serve different purposes: mdadm is used for managing software RAID arrays, dump2fs (which seems to be a typographical error in the second option, likely meant to refer to tune2fs) is used for tuning ext2/ext3/ext4 file systems, and dumpe2fs provides information about ext2/ext3/ext4 file systems. None of these commands are intended to perform the file