Which command limits the resources that users can consume, such as processes or memory?

The command that limits the resources users can consume, such as processes or memory, is ulimit. This command is used in Unix-like operating systems to set user-level limits on the system resources that can be utilized by processes. For instance, you can specify maximum file sizes, memory usage, and the number of processes that a user can run, thereby preventing any single user from overwhelming system resources effectively.

By applying ulimit, administrators can establish limits that help maintain system stability and performance. This is particularly crucial in multi-user environments where resource contention might occur. The flexibility offered by ulimit allows organizations to enforce policies designed to protect the overall health of the system by controlling how resources are allocated at the user level.