Which command provides the elapsed time and actual CPU time consumed for running a program?

The command that provides the elapsed time and actual CPU time consumed for running a program is the time command. When you prepend time to a command in a terminal, it measures the duration of the command's execution, capturing both the real time (the total time from start to finish) and the amount of CPU time that the command used (which can be broken down into user mode and system mode).

This functionality is particularly useful for performance monitoring and optimization, as it allows developers and system administrators to understand how long a command takes to execute and how efficiently the CPU is utilized during its execution. It's worth noting that the other options do not correspond to a standard Linux command for measuring execution time; thus, they wouldn't provide the desired information.