Which compression utility is known for higher compression rates but takes longer to compress?

The utility known for achieving higher compression rates while taking longer to compress is bzip2. This is largely due to the algorithm it uses, which is more complex than those utilized by other compression tools. Bzip2 employs the Burrows-Wheeler transform and Huffman coding, both of which allow it to compress data more efficiently, leading to smaller file sizes. However, this efficiency comes at the cost of increased processing time during the compression phase.

In contrast, gzip is typically faster but offers lower compression ratios compared to bzip2. It uses the DEFLATE algorithm, which is less resource-intensive. Zip is a compression and archiving utility that combines files into a single archive and compresses them, but is also generally not as efficient in terms of compression ratio as bzip2. Tar, on the other hand, is not a compression utility by itself; it is primarily used to archive files. While it can be combined with compression tools like gzip or bzip2 for efficiency, it does not perform compression on its own.

Thus, bzip2 stands out as the choice for scenarios where a smaller file size is crucial, and longer processing times are acceptable.