Which filesystem is used primarily for Linux systems and supports journaling?

The ext4 filesystem is primarily used in Linux systems and is known for its support of journaling. Journaling is a technique used to keep track of changes not yet committed to the filesystem, which helps improve reliability in the event of a crash or power failure. It helps prevent corruption by ensuring that any incomplete transactions can be rolled back or replayed in the event of an issue.

Ext4 incorporates several enhancements over its predecessor, ext3, including larger volume and file sizes, improved performance, and greater efficiency. This makes it a popular choice for modern Linux distributions. Its widespread adoption and reliable performance make ext4 the standard filesystem in many Linux installations.

Other filesystems mentioned have their own use cases but do not remain as commonly used or are not primarily intended for general Linux systems with journaling support. For instance, Btrfs is also a robust option but is not as widely utilized in all distributions compared to ext4. FAT32 is an extension of the FAT file system mainly used for compatibility with other operating systems and does not support journaling. ReiserFS, while a journaling filesystem, has fallen out of favor in recent years relative to ext4 and is less commonly implemented in current Linux distributions.